Red herring : A diversion from the active topic.
Steel man : To steelman is to address the strongest possible variant or the most charitable interpretation of an idea, rather than the most available phrasings.Painting your opponent with false colors only deflects the purpose of the argument. Straw man : Creating a false or made up scenario and then attacking it.Inferential distance : Gap between the background knowledge and epistemology of a person trying to explain an idea, and the background knowledge and epistemology of the person trying to understand it.Intransigence : Refusal to change one’s views or to agree about something.Connotation : Emotional association with a word.Akrasia : State of acting against one’s better judgment.Non sequitur : An inference that does not follow from established premises or evidence.Ex nihilo : An argument that bears no relation to the previous topic of discussion.Ex silentio : Argument relying on ignorance.Ad verecundiam : Argument relying on the the words of an “expert”, or authority.Ad populum : Argument relying on sentimental weakness.Ad ignorantiam : Argument relying on people’s ignorance.Ad baculum : Argument relying on an appeal to fear or a threat.“How to apologize: Quickly, specifically, sincerely.” ○○○○○ - Social shaming- A demand for listeners to place someone outside the boundary of whom deserve to be heard. ○○○○ - Gotchas - Short claims that purport to be devastating proof that one side can’t possibly be right.○○○○ - Single Facts- One fact, which admittedly does support their argument, but presented as if it solves the debate in and of itself.○○○ - Demands for rigor - Attempts to demand that an opposing argument be held to such strict standards that nothing could possibly clear the bar.○○○ - Single Studies - Better than scattered facts, proving they at least looked into the issue formally.○○ - Disputing definitions - Argument hinges on the meaning of words, or whether something counts as a member of a category or not.○○ - Survey of evidence - Not trying to devastate the other person with a mountain of facts and start looking at the studies and arguments on both sides and figuring out what kind of complex picture they paint.○ - Operationalizing - Where both parties understand they’re in a cooperative effort to fix exactly what they’re arguing about.- High-level generators - Disagreements that remain when everyone understands exactly what’s being argued, and agrees on what all the evidence says, but have vague and hard-to-define reasons for disagreeing.Dennett’s version of Rapoport’s Rules Argument Ranking Only then are you permitted to say so much as a word of rebuttal or criticism. You should mention anything you have learned from your target. You should list any points of agreement (especially if they are not matters of general or widespread agreement). You should attempt to re-express your target’s position so clearly, vividly, and fairly that your target says, “Thanks, I wish I’d thought of putting it that way.” At the second gate ask, is it necessary.At the first gate, ask yourself, is it true.The three gates of speechīefore you speak, let your words pass through three gates. This points always 16 bytes before the end of the A cheatsheet on Discourse. Pointer to the md5checksum of this file without the checksum itself. Layout page or 0xffffffffff if no layout page Position of the MIME type list (also header size) Position of the directory pointerlist ordered by Title Position of the directory pointerlist ordered by URL Major version of the ZIM file format (5 or 6) Magic number to recognise the file format, must be 72173914 (0x44D495A) All the constituents are based on little-endian and all the integers are unsigned integers i.e. ZIM HeaderĪ ZIM file starts with a header that is at offset 0. ZIM file format uses LZMA2 compression to make the content compact. OpenZIM has provided C++ open source implementation, LibZim, for reading and writing ZIM files. The format specifications of ZIM file format are available online by openZIM for developer’s reference. ZIM file format was developed on top of Zeno file format and is not backwards compatible. OpenZIM project has hosted the implementation of ZIM file format on Github for contribution from OpenSource community. ZIM files can be opened by applications such as Kiwix and ZIMReader. ZIM is maintained by openZIM project which is sponsored by Wikimedia CH, and supported by the Wikimedia Foundation. Its name comes from “Zeno IMproved” which was the earlier Zeno file format. It stores site contents in a compact format. It is considered as the most suitable open file format for storing Wikipedia on a USB. zim extension are archives created to store Wiki content offline.
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